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| − | The findings show that age does
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| − | T and dimensions of self-determination. The findings show that age doesn't influence psychological expertise, especially self-efficacy, results which can be concurrent with the studies carried out by Anderson (2000). Prior research discovered that additional experienced referees reported significantly less tension and larger self-efficacy (Guill and Feltz, 2011). Similarly, Nazarudin et al. (2014) discovered no significant differences in psychological abilities across age levels but substantial variations across practical experience levels in rugby referees. These results are confirmed in our study where encounter appears to become a predictor of self-efficacy, in lieu of age. In prior studies, self-efficacy theories have been integrated with self-determination theories and have been regarded as predictors of physical activity practices (Sweet et al., 2014). This integrated model proved to become a superb fit for handball referees also. Within the SDTs, personal awareness is the factor that showed a larger predictability of self-efficacy in our study. Like for the game (of handball) was one of the most dominant factors for becoming a referee. This outcome is in line together with the findings of Burke et al. (2000) for basketball and Wolfson and Neave (2007) for football (or soccer). Referees that declared they started officiating for their love of the game or for the reason that they're former players reported a decrease percentage of regret than these who indicated economical motivations as their cause for officiating. Regret is regarded as because the perception of losing opportunities and, according to Van Yperen (1998), a sturdy determinant from the intention to quit. Both enjoyment and involvement were found to deter the intention to quit officiating in volleyball referees which can be why a constructive affective environment and possibilities really should be supplied (Van Yperen, 1998). The perceived enjoyment inside the activity performed, regarded as as an intrinsic motivation, has also been demonstrated as influential in self-efficacy ratings within a study done on physical activity (Lewis et al., 2016). Our study confirmed that this association exists also in handball referees. Prior scientific literature provides interesting research on self-efficacy in referees but we agreed using the evaluation carried on by Lirgg et al. (2016) that additional study was required to assess the value on the high-quality from the co-officiating experience. With this study, we've attempted to fill a gap inside the existing literature by exploring elements including teamwork, enjoyment, and selfdetermination, all of which have already been demonstrated as becoming associated to self-efficacy in other contexts outdoors of refereeing. The main limitations of your present study contain the gender composition in the sample (primarily male) and also the reality thatthe measured variables are self-reported and don't account a comparison with referees' objective performance. Moreover, we only viewed as the perceptions from the referee as a single particular person independent from the perceptions in the pair as a unit as a result, the non-independence of data was not taken into account. In spite of these limitations, the present study presents preliminary assistance and details to develop future research and certain coaching applications for handball referees. In future investigation, it could possibly be helpful to deeply analyze predictors of self-efficacy considering the assessment of referee functionality and errors through different game circumstances.
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รุ่นแก้ไขเมื่อ 01:55, 27 กันยายน 2564
