ผลต่างระหว่างรุ่นของ "หน้าหลัก"
ล |
ล |
||
แถว 1: | แถว 1: | ||
− | + | Sts assume that mind can exist without a body. As an alternative, the | |
− | + | Sts consider that mind can exist with out a physique. Alternatively, the view of disembodiment I am criticizing would be the assumption that the structures of our concepts, understanding, and explanation are certainly not grounded inside the nature of our brains and our sensory, motor, and affective capacities. Thus, I regard any theory (like materialist theories of thoughts) that tries to clarify which means, understanding, and reasoning with out detailed reference for the nature and workings of our bodies as "disembodied" inside the broad sense. Although there is certainly inside the West a extended history of disembodied views of mind, believed, and language, for our purposes we require only trace the history back to the Enlightenment faculty psychology which has so fatefully shaped our commonsense and theoretical views of thoughts down to the present day. The fundamental notion of faculty psychology is that any achievement or operation we attribute to creatures with minds may be explained with regards to the activity of discrete powers or capacities (i.e., faculties) that either individually or conjointly make the a variety of sorts of judgments of which mind is capable. Every faculty supposedly has its personal distinct nature (essence) by virtue of which it carries out certain certain functions, such as perceiving, feeling, forming ideas, reasoning, judging, or prepared. For example, our potential to perceive objects allegedly depends upon our capacity to passively acquire sense impressions (of colors, textures, odors, sounds) of objects on the planet. This alleged faculty of sensation is typically thought to cooperate using the faculty of imagination, by which we order sensations into unified images or representations that will persist over time. Based on most faculty psychologies, full-blown expertise of an object on top of that calls for a faculty of understanding that supplies concepts for considering (i.e., conceptualizing) the object which has been presented to our senses and ordered by us into a unified image. Finally, we're supposed to be in a position to then expand our knowledge by using our faculty of cause to connect, as outlined by the laws of logic, propositions into bigger units (systems) of understanding. Faculty psychology strikes most people in Western cultures as simple common sense, eventhough it's an artifact of centuries of philosophical theories of thoughts, believed, and know-how. Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume all had influential faculty theories of thoughts and thought, but Kant's renowned account has no doubt had the greatest influence on our current perspective. To oversimplify a bit (though not unfairly), Kant thought of understanding as the energy to create concepts and to apply them to sense contents or other representations to generate information of objects of encounter. He regarded understanding as an activity of judgment, where "all judgments are functions of unity among our representations" (Kant, 1781, A69/B93-94). Understanding, in Kant's theory, performs unifying judgments that combine a single or much more representations under some notion. He explains: "... ideas rest on functions. By "function" I mean the unity on the act of bringing many representations under one particular common representation" (Kant, 1781, A68/B93). Ideas are as a result formal rules for ordering (i.e., making determinate in thought) various pictures or other concepts. |
รุ่นแก้ไขเมื่อ 04:17, 28 มิถุนายน 2564
Sts assume that mind can exist without a body. As an alternative, the Sts consider that mind can exist with out a physique. Alternatively, the view of disembodiment I am criticizing would be the assumption that the structures of our concepts, understanding, and explanation are certainly not grounded inside the nature of our brains and our sensory, motor, and affective capacities. Thus, I regard any theory (like materialist theories of thoughts) that tries to clarify which means, understanding, and reasoning with out detailed reference for the nature and workings of our bodies as "disembodied" inside the broad sense. Although there is certainly inside the West a extended history of disembodied views of mind, believed, and language, for our purposes we require only trace the history back to the Enlightenment faculty psychology which has so fatefully shaped our commonsense and theoretical views of thoughts down to the present day. The fundamental notion of faculty psychology is that any achievement or operation we attribute to creatures with minds may be explained with regards to the activity of discrete powers or capacities (i.e., faculties) that either individually or conjointly make the a variety of sorts of judgments of which mind is capable. Every faculty supposedly has its personal distinct nature (essence) by virtue of which it carries out certain certain functions, such as perceiving, feeling, forming ideas, reasoning, judging, or prepared. For example, our potential to perceive objects allegedly depends upon our capacity to passively acquire sense impressions (of colors, textures, odors, sounds) of objects on the planet. This alleged faculty of sensation is typically thought to cooperate using the faculty of imagination, by which we order sensations into unified images or representations that will persist over time. Based on most faculty psychologies, full-blown expertise of an object on top of that calls for a faculty of understanding that supplies concepts for considering (i.e., conceptualizing) the object which has been presented to our senses and ordered by us into a unified image. Finally, we're supposed to be in a position to then expand our knowledge by using our faculty of cause to connect, as outlined by the laws of logic, propositions into bigger units (systems) of understanding. Faculty psychology strikes most people in Western cultures as simple common sense, eventhough it's an artifact of centuries of philosophical theories of thoughts, believed, and know-how. Hobbes, Locke, Berkeley, and Hume all had influential faculty theories of thoughts and thought, but Kant's renowned account has no doubt had the greatest influence on our current perspective. To oversimplify a bit (though not unfairly), Kant thought of understanding as the energy to create concepts and to apply them to sense contents or other representations to generate information of objects of encounter. He regarded understanding as an activity of judgment, where "all judgments are functions of unity among our representations" (Kant, 1781, A69/B93-94). Understanding, in Kant's theory, performs unifying judgments that combine a single or much more representations under some notion. He explains: "... ideas rest on functions. By "function" I mean the unity on the act of bringing many representations under one particular common representation" (Kant, 1781, A68/B93). Ideas are as a result formal rules for ordering (i.e., making determinate in thought) various pictures or other concepts.